Python: Basic String Functions Cheat Sheet with Examples
1. upper()
The upper() function converts all characters in a string to uppercase.
Example 1:
text = "hello world"
print(text.upper())
Output:
HELLO WORLD
⚠️ Special Cases: Non-alphabetic characters are unaffected:
text = "1234 @hello!"
print(text.upper())
Output:
1234 @HELLO!
2. lower() Function
The lower() function converts all characters in a string to lowercase.
Example 1:
text = "HELLO World 123"
print(text.lower())
Output:
hello world 123
3. title() Function
The title() function converts the first character of each word to uppercase and the rest to lowercase.
Example 1:
text = "welcome to python programming"
print(text.title())
Output:
Welcome To Python Programming
⚠️ Point to Remember:
It treats any character after a non-alphabetic symbol as the start of a new word:
text = "hello-world_from python"
print(text.title())
Output:
Hello-World_From Python
4. strip() Function
The strip() function removes leading and trailing whitespaces (spaces, \n, \t) from a string.
Example 1:
text = " Hello World "
print(text.strip())
Output:
Hello World
⚠️ Point to Remember:
You can also remove specific characters using:
text = "###Hello###"
print(text.strip("#"))
Output:
Hello
5. replace() Function
The replace() function replaces all occurrences of a substring with another string.
Example 1:
text = "apple apple"
print(text.replace("apple", "banana"))
Output:
banana banana
✅ Important Example:
sentence = "I love Python. Python is easy."
print(sentence.replace("Python", "Java"))
Output:
I love Java. Java is easy.
6. find() Function
The find() function returns the index of the first occurrence of a substring. Returns -1 if not found.
Example 1:
text = "Hello"
print(text.find("l"))
Output:
2
⚠️ Point to Remember:
If the substring is not found, it returns -1:
text = "Hello"
print(text.find("z"))
Output:
-1
7. count() Function
The count() function returns the number of times a substring appears in a string.
Example 1:
text = "banana"
print(text.count("a"))
Output:
3
⚠️ Point to Remember:
It is case-sensitive:
text = "Python python PYTHON"
print(text.count("Python"))
Output:
1
8. \t (Tab)
\t is used to insert a horizontal tab space in a string.
Example 1:
print("Name:\tAyush")
Output:
Name: Ayush
9. \n (New Line)
\n is used to insert a new line (line break) in a string.
Example 1:
print("Line1\nLine2")
Output:
Line1
Line2
10. capitalize() Function
The capitalize() function converts the first character to uppercase and the rest to lowercase.
Example 1:
text = "hello world"
print(text.capitalize())
Output:
Hello world
⚠️ Point to Remember:
It only affects the first character. Useful for proper sentence formatting.
text = "hELLO PYTHON"
print(text.capitalize())
Output:
Hello python
📚 Practice Questions:
📚 Related Topics:
- ➤ Python Arithmetic Operators
- ➤ Basic String Functions
- ➤ Advanced String Functions
- ➤ Basic List Functions
- ➤ Advanced List Functions : Part-1
- ➤ Advanced List Functions : Part-2
- ➤ Basic Tuple Functions
- ➤ Advanced Tuple Functions
- ➤ Basic Dictionary Functions
- ➤ Advanced Dictionary Functions
- ➤ Conditional Statements : if-elif-else
- ➤ Python 'for' Loop
- ➤ Python 'while' Loop
- ➤ Difference between 'for' loop and 'while' loop
- ➤ Introducing Python Functions
📌 Bookmark this blog or follow for updates!
👍 Liked this post? Share it with friends or leave a comment below!